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Value of General IT Knowledge

Terry Critchley

If you watch enough Western films (cowboys etc.), you will have come across a mountain man, henceforth called "M." This rugged person lived in the mountainous areas of the USA and made his living by obtaining animal pelts to sell to the fashionable ladies in the East.

M was the master of his territory and knew enough about the flora, fauna and geology of the land to know what to eat and what not to eat, steer clear of the wild animals, trap them and to avoid falling into holes or off cliffs. He also knew the weather patterns very well.

There were botanists, naturalists and geologists who visited these mountain areas for study purposes and their knowledge far exceeded that of M in their respective areas of study, although they did not know the territory’s geography and weather vagaries as well as M.

In their diverse studies at various times, the flora expert fell off a cliff, the geologist was poisoned by a plant and the fauna expert died of cold on their respective expeditions. M found them and gave them each a decent burial, with the usual two wooden sticks tied in the shape of a cross on their graves. He also said the few words from the bible over each grave.

So, what has this to do with it IT, I hear you ask? Everything is the answer. The flora, fauna and geology people represent specialists without a general underpinning knowledge of the IT "territory." The vagaries of the weather, the abundance of animals and plants represent the jobs in IT. The jobs "mutate," like the weather changes, and other perils lurk in areas of knowledge outside their own.

The visitors would have been sensible to ask M to accompany then on their visits or study the territory and its "contents" well before embarking on their, ultimately fatal, expeditions. It never ceases to amaze me when I examine the curricula of specialist courses that there are either no prerequisites, or very minor ones, just as M felt when he saw these "dudes" on his territory. The IT equivalents of these deaths is the 70% failure rate of IT projects.

Cybersecurity

It never ceases to amaze me when I examine the curricula of specialist courses that there are either no prerequisites, or very minor ones. I feel that that the analogy above makes the case for having general IT knowledge, even for someone who wishes to specialize in an area of IT, such as Cybersecurity or Cloud computing.

I have seen an advertisement for a cybersecurity course along the lines; "Become a cybersecurity expert in 16 hours with our course; $99, was $299," followed by the story of an accountant who took it an became an expert. This is La La Land, and may explain the fact that the "bad guys" seem to have the upper hand.

Image
Critchley

Figure 1: Cybersecurity: All These Areas are Vulnerable

Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is data center computing on steroids, the latter environment dragging people into the general work and knowledge that surrounds that computing environment, giving them a broader knowledge of it. It is advantageous to learn about that environment before entering it, is it not?

Image
Critchley

Figure 2: The Cloud Computing Ecosphere Scope

It should be self-evident that this environment, whatever role one has, that a broad knowledge of its composite nature is necessary to succeed.

Application Development

School computer education, and to some extent University, suggest that computing is about coding (in Python) and computational thinking. What one is supposed to be thinking about is not made clear. 

The application development environment comprises (among other things):

  • Coding in one or more languages
  • Security aspects of applications
  • The whole process of design/ code/test/recode, often called CI/CD – continuous improvement/continuous deployment
  • Methodologies – agile, scrum, DevOps, DevSecOps and others
  • Project management, milestones, reviews and other controls

Incidentally, "test" in the diagram above is not a single item but includes unit tests, integration tests and functional tests and there may be other tests depending on the work in hand, up to 16 in fact. 

Image
Critchley

In short, development is much, much more than coding, which may come as a surprise to many people and organizations. Remember also, that "development" is only part of the IT application ecosphere.

Summary

Long experience in IT, both at the coal face, in the trenches, researching and writing about IT leads me to the conclusion that there is a need for a form of general IT education outside anything on offer today. The latter comprises mainly computer science (CS), "IT Fundamentals," specialisms and "boot camps."

None of these cover the IT terrain which characterizes modern workplace IT, which has always evolved and which today is seeing a tectonic shift caused by AI (artificial intelligence) and its derivatives. One will look in vain for coverage of high performance and mainframe computing, graphics. IoT, edge computing and key methodologies which make IT projects tick.

It is time for a change.

Download the full paper: The Case for General Information Technology Training

Hot Topics

The Latest

Ask most IT leaders about their biggest concern with AI and you'll hear the same answer: hallucinations ... Today, however, the conversation has shifted ... As organizations move beyond chatbots and experiments, they are increasingly deploying AI agents that perform multi-step tasks. These systems retrieve documents, query databases, call APIs, generate reports, write code, and make recommendations. The issue is not whether the model can reason. The issue is whether the organization can see, verify, and govern the decisions being made along the way ...

While organizations want to take control of their telemetry, building telemetry pipelines from scratch can be a very daunting, complicated task, even when leveraging open-source standards like OpenTelemetry. It requires specialized knowledge across distributed systems, data engineering, and security. This fragmented approach across systems causes higher operational costs; it puts a strain on resources and reduces efficiency as teams have to work with different interfaces and processes ...

For decades, enterprise networks were designed around a simple assumption: work happened inside the office. Applications lived in centralized data centers, employees connected through internal infrastructure, and security focused on protecting the perimeter that surrounded everything ... But the way organizations operate today bears little resemblance to that environment. Cloud platforms host critical applications, employees connect from homes and airports as often as they do from offices, and partners collaborate through shared systems that exist far beyond corporate walls. In short, the corporate network no longer resembles the environment it was designed to protect ...

As an analyst who researches how IT organizations design, build, and operate their networks, I find that network data is a constant source of pain. Network teams struggle with data quality, fragmentation, authority, access, and trust. And these issues undermine everything they try to do. Here are the numbers: Only 45% of network teams are completely confident in the accuracy of their network source of truth, which documents the intent of their network ...

The 2026 Global Data Center Survey from Uptime Institute reveals an industry navigating workforce constraints, escalating outage expenses, even as rising costs remain the top concern for management teams ...

The next observability gap may not be in the code. It may be under the rack. That sounds strange until you think about how AI incidents actually feel in the middle of an investigation ... The application dashboard may be accurate. It may also be stopping at the wrong boundary. AI systems depend on software, but they also depend on a dense physical stack: racks, power paths, thermal margin, maintenance activity and, in many environments, liquid cooling. Those physical dependencies can change slowly before they look like a software incident ...

Certificate expiration is the rare outage you can see coming. Every TLS certificate carries the date it stops working, so the moment it will begin breaking connections is knowable in advance. That's what makes an expired certificate such a frustrating way to lose a service. What's changing now is how often that date comes around ...

Enterprises operate different combinations of workloads across cloud, hybrid and multicloud environments. For business-critical workloads, teams need to consider monitoring and observability early so they can detect health issues, investigate failures, and understand operational impact. Organizations place workloads on cloud platforms based on a combination of technical requirements, economics, existing dependencies, organizational standards, and business priorities. Their monitoring priorities therefore depend on what they operate and where those systems run. Those priorities will not look the same for every organization ...

Top-performing businesses prioritize data-driven decision making, enabling leaders to move from intuition and gut feel towards evidence-based judgment. But that judgment is only sound when the data underpinning decisions is accurate. With incident management, data accuracy is particularly important. Long-term revenue, customer trust, and operational stability depend on high-quality data that enables teams to quickly identify and address the root cause of major incidents. Against this backdrop, governance becomes a critical endeavor to ensure the right data drives the right action ...

In MEAN TIME TO INSIGHT Episode 26, Shamus McGillicuddy, VP of Research, Network Infrastructure and Operations, at EMA discusses network compliance ... 

Value of General IT Knowledge

Terry Critchley

If you watch enough Western films (cowboys etc.), you will have come across a mountain man, henceforth called "M." This rugged person lived in the mountainous areas of the USA and made his living by obtaining animal pelts to sell to the fashionable ladies in the East.

M was the master of his territory and knew enough about the flora, fauna and geology of the land to know what to eat and what not to eat, steer clear of the wild animals, trap them and to avoid falling into holes or off cliffs. He also knew the weather patterns very well.

There were botanists, naturalists and geologists who visited these mountain areas for study purposes and their knowledge far exceeded that of M in their respective areas of study, although they did not know the territory’s geography and weather vagaries as well as M.

In their diverse studies at various times, the flora expert fell off a cliff, the geologist was poisoned by a plant and the fauna expert died of cold on their respective expeditions. M found them and gave them each a decent burial, with the usual two wooden sticks tied in the shape of a cross on their graves. He also said the few words from the bible over each grave.

So, what has this to do with it IT, I hear you ask? Everything is the answer. The flora, fauna and geology people represent specialists without a general underpinning knowledge of the IT "territory." The vagaries of the weather, the abundance of animals and plants represent the jobs in IT. The jobs "mutate," like the weather changes, and other perils lurk in areas of knowledge outside their own.

The visitors would have been sensible to ask M to accompany then on their visits or study the territory and its "contents" well before embarking on their, ultimately fatal, expeditions. It never ceases to amaze me when I examine the curricula of specialist courses that there are either no prerequisites, or very minor ones, just as M felt when he saw these "dudes" on his territory. The IT equivalents of these deaths is the 70% failure rate of IT projects.

Cybersecurity

It never ceases to amaze me when I examine the curricula of specialist courses that there are either no prerequisites, or very minor ones. I feel that that the analogy above makes the case for having general IT knowledge, even for someone who wishes to specialize in an area of IT, such as Cybersecurity or Cloud computing.

I have seen an advertisement for a cybersecurity course along the lines; "Become a cybersecurity expert in 16 hours with our course; $99, was $299," followed by the story of an accountant who took it an became an expert. This is La La Land, and may explain the fact that the "bad guys" seem to have the upper hand.

Image
Critchley

Figure 1: Cybersecurity: All These Areas are Vulnerable

Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is data center computing on steroids, the latter environment dragging people into the general work and knowledge that surrounds that computing environment, giving them a broader knowledge of it. It is advantageous to learn about that environment before entering it, is it not?

Image
Critchley

Figure 2: The Cloud Computing Ecosphere Scope

It should be self-evident that this environment, whatever role one has, that a broad knowledge of its composite nature is necessary to succeed.

Application Development

School computer education, and to some extent University, suggest that computing is about coding (in Python) and computational thinking. What one is supposed to be thinking about is not made clear. 

The application development environment comprises (among other things):

  • Coding in one or more languages
  • Security aspects of applications
  • The whole process of design/ code/test/recode, often called CI/CD – continuous improvement/continuous deployment
  • Methodologies – agile, scrum, DevOps, DevSecOps and others
  • Project management, milestones, reviews and other controls

Incidentally, "test" in the diagram above is not a single item but includes unit tests, integration tests and functional tests and there may be other tests depending on the work in hand, up to 16 in fact. 

Image
Critchley

In short, development is much, much more than coding, which may come as a surprise to many people and organizations. Remember also, that "development" is only part of the IT application ecosphere.

Summary

Long experience in IT, both at the coal face, in the trenches, researching and writing about IT leads me to the conclusion that there is a need for a form of general IT education outside anything on offer today. The latter comprises mainly computer science (CS), "IT Fundamentals," specialisms and "boot camps."

None of these cover the IT terrain which characterizes modern workplace IT, which has always evolved and which today is seeing a tectonic shift caused by AI (artificial intelligence) and its derivatives. One will look in vain for coverage of high performance and mainframe computing, graphics. IoT, edge computing and key methodologies which make IT projects tick.

It is time for a change.

Download the full paper: The Case for General Information Technology Training

Hot Topics

The Latest

Ask most IT leaders about their biggest concern with AI and you'll hear the same answer: hallucinations ... Today, however, the conversation has shifted ... As organizations move beyond chatbots and experiments, they are increasingly deploying AI agents that perform multi-step tasks. These systems retrieve documents, query databases, call APIs, generate reports, write code, and make recommendations. The issue is not whether the model can reason. The issue is whether the organization can see, verify, and govern the decisions being made along the way ...

While organizations want to take control of their telemetry, building telemetry pipelines from scratch can be a very daunting, complicated task, even when leveraging open-source standards like OpenTelemetry. It requires specialized knowledge across distributed systems, data engineering, and security. This fragmented approach across systems causes higher operational costs; it puts a strain on resources and reduces efficiency as teams have to work with different interfaces and processes ...

For decades, enterprise networks were designed around a simple assumption: work happened inside the office. Applications lived in centralized data centers, employees connected through internal infrastructure, and security focused on protecting the perimeter that surrounded everything ... But the way organizations operate today bears little resemblance to that environment. Cloud platforms host critical applications, employees connect from homes and airports as often as they do from offices, and partners collaborate through shared systems that exist far beyond corporate walls. In short, the corporate network no longer resembles the environment it was designed to protect ...

As an analyst who researches how IT organizations design, build, and operate their networks, I find that network data is a constant source of pain. Network teams struggle with data quality, fragmentation, authority, access, and trust. And these issues undermine everything they try to do. Here are the numbers: Only 45% of network teams are completely confident in the accuracy of their network source of truth, which documents the intent of their network ...

The 2026 Global Data Center Survey from Uptime Institute reveals an industry navigating workforce constraints, escalating outage expenses, even as rising costs remain the top concern for management teams ...

The next observability gap may not be in the code. It may be under the rack. That sounds strange until you think about how AI incidents actually feel in the middle of an investigation ... The application dashboard may be accurate. It may also be stopping at the wrong boundary. AI systems depend on software, but they also depend on a dense physical stack: racks, power paths, thermal margin, maintenance activity and, in many environments, liquid cooling. Those physical dependencies can change slowly before they look like a software incident ...

Certificate expiration is the rare outage you can see coming. Every TLS certificate carries the date it stops working, so the moment it will begin breaking connections is knowable in advance. That's what makes an expired certificate such a frustrating way to lose a service. What's changing now is how often that date comes around ...

Enterprises operate different combinations of workloads across cloud, hybrid and multicloud environments. For business-critical workloads, teams need to consider monitoring and observability early so they can detect health issues, investigate failures, and understand operational impact. Organizations place workloads on cloud platforms based on a combination of technical requirements, economics, existing dependencies, organizational standards, and business priorities. Their monitoring priorities therefore depend on what they operate and where those systems run. Those priorities will not look the same for every organization ...

Top-performing businesses prioritize data-driven decision making, enabling leaders to move from intuition and gut feel towards evidence-based judgment. But that judgment is only sound when the data underpinning decisions is accurate. With incident management, data accuracy is particularly important. Long-term revenue, customer trust, and operational stability depend on high-quality data that enables teams to quickly identify and address the root cause of major incidents. Against this backdrop, governance becomes a critical endeavor to ensure the right data drives the right action ...

In MEAN TIME TO INSIGHT Episode 26, Shamus McGillicuddy, VP of Research, Network Infrastructure and Operations, at EMA discusses network compliance ...